维吾尔族学习者习得汉语单字调的感知实验研究

A Perceptual Experimental Study on Uygur Learners’Monosyllable Tone Acquisition

本文以维吾尔族汉语学习者为被试,分别对不同水平组进行汉语单字调的感知实验,从学习者对汉语单字调感知能力的发展、声调习得的系统性及顺序性等方面进行分析,认为:学习者从汉语水平较低阶段到较高阶段的发展过程中,声调感知能力在总体上呈现出逐渐上升但对各调感知能力不平衡的趋势;学习者的声调系统从非四调格局向四调格局逐渐接近;声调感知错误呈现类型化,其中阳平与上声混淆,阳平与阴平混淆现象突出;学习者习得声调呈现一定的顺序,先后顺序为:去声、上声、阴平、阳平。本文据此提出了相应的教学建议。

This article tests two groups of Uygur learners who study Chinese as their second language. Two experiments about monosyllable tones are carried out with each group respectively. The following are the test results： As their Chinese develop from lower standard to higher standard, the learner＇s power of tonal perception tends to rise gradually, but it is also unbalanced on each tone. And the tonal perception represents systematic and sequential to a certain extent, that is： three-tone-pattern approaches to four-tone-pattern gradually, tonal perception errors tend to be typical; tonal acquisition represents a main sequence ： tone 3, tone 4, tone 1, and tone 2. After analyzing the results, we could see that the tone which largely differs from tonal rhythm pattern of mother language is easy to learn, meanwhile, the common grammar and Chinese dialects may also have certain influences on their Chinese tonal acquiring. In this paper, we also put forward some corresponding teaching suggestions.