测量准确度及相关术语辨析

Full analysis on accuracy and related terms

本文分析了测量准确度及相关术语在测绘学科中要表达的真实含义,着重指出测绘学科中最常用的准确度指标(即测量精度)是针对特殊的"约定真值"和"系统误差已经充分消除"这两个前提;而计量领域中的最常用准确度指标(即测量不确定度)则是针对"国家基准"和将"系统误差也纳入不确定度评定范围"。理清二者的关系有利于推广测量不确定度理论在测绘学科中的应用。

This paper analyzed the actual meaning of the measurement accuracy and the related terms in surveying and mapping. The accuracy （also precision） calculated from surveying and mapping is under the conditions： to be true to the special ＂ agreed truth＂ and ＂ systematic error to he fully eliminated＂ , while the measurement uncertainty is to trace to the ＂ national standard＂ and to include the ＂ systematic errors＂ . To clarify the different expressions of the same term between surveying and metrology, the measure- ment uncertainty theorycan be widely accepted in surveying and mapping.