摘要
选取14名羽毛球专业运动员和14名大学生初学者为被试,以羽毛球专项情境中对手即将回球的动作前情境图片预判为反应任务,探讨被试在不同信息量与认知负荷情况下知觉预判绩效及眼动特征。结果表明:运动员与初学者利用更多的信息来加快动作预判速度;运动员动作预判速度要快于初学者,二者在简单任务中的动作预判准确性优于复杂任务中的预判准确性;信息量主要影响运动员动作预判准确性。运动员视觉搜索的注视时间低于初学者;高信息量注视时间少于低信息量的注视时间,且运动员比初学者注视频率更少。运动员注视次数少于初学者;眼跳距离多于初学者;运动员注视轨迹比初学者更为集中。在视觉搜索分配上,运动员与初学者都主要关注球拍与持拍臂,但是在复杂任务与高信息量中,运动员比初学者更关注场上对手与场地位置关系。
This paper,selecting 14 badminton professional players and 14 college student beginners as subjects,explores the perception anticipation performance and features of eye movements of the subjects in the different amount of information and cognitive load,in according to the pre-judgment task of special situations badminton that opponent will anticipate the ball back to the former situation picture for the reaction.The result shows that professional players and beginners are good at use more information to speed up the movement speed of the anticipation;professional players anticipate faster than the anticipated speed of beginners;the anticipated accuracy rate in simple tasks are better than in the complex task of anticipated accuracy rate;the amount of information primarily affects in anticipated accuracy of professional athletes.The fixation time of professional players in visual search are less than beginners;the fixation time in high amount of information is less than fixation time in low amount of information;and the fixation frequency of professional players is less than the beginners.The fixation number of players is less than that of beginners;Saccade distance of professional players is more than that of beginners;Fixation track of players is more focused than that of the beginners.Professional players and beginners fixated on making racket and arm in the distribution of visual search,but in the complex tasks and high information content,the professional players are more concerned about the opponent field position relationship and the opponent than that of beginners.
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第1期88-96,共9页
China Sport Science and Technology
