纺丝条件对基于Lyocell工艺加工的竹浆纤维结构与性能的影响

Effect of spinning conditions on structures and properties of bamboo fibers with Lyocell process

以竹浆粕为原料,在不同的纺丝条件下采用Lyocell工艺制备了竹浆纤维。采用X射线衍射法、偏光显微镜以及强伸仪对不同纺丝条件下制得的纤维超分子结构以及力学性能进行测定。结果表明,纺丝条件是影响Lyocell工艺竹浆纤维结构与性能的重要因素。随着喷丝头拉伸比的提高,Lyocell工艺竹浆纤维的结晶度及取向增加,从而导致其初始模量和断裂强度相应增大,而线密度和断裂伸长率则相应下降。当喷丝头拉伸比固定不变时,随着纺丝速度的升高,Lyocell工艺竹浆纤维的晶区取向基本不变,非晶区取向及结晶度增加,断裂强度和初始模量增大,断裂伸长率减小。

Bamboo fibers were prepared using bamboo pulp as raw material by Lyocell process at different spinning conditions, their supermolecular structures and mechanical properties were examined by wide angle X-ray diffraction （WAXD） and polarizing optical microscopy （POM） , and strength elongation tester. The results indicated that spinning conditions played an important role in determining the structure and properties of bamboo fibers with Lyocell process. The crystallinity and orientation of bamboo fibers increased as draw down ratio increased, leading to the increase of the tensile strength and initial modulus whereas the fineness and elongation at breaking decreased. Furthermore, with the increase of spinning speed at a constant draw down ratio, although the crystal orientation had no obvious change, the amorphous orientation and the crystallinity increased. As a result, the tensile strength and initial modulus increased while the elongation at breaking decreased.