论影响翻译的各种权力关系

The Politics of Translation:Various Power Relations Influencing Translation

作为文本间的语际转换,传统上的翻译被视为语言学的一个分枝。然而,随着20世纪70年代翻译研究学派的兴起,这种语言学的翻译观发生了巨大改变。翻译被看作是对原文的改写,翻译研究开始了文化转向。许多翻译理论家开始采用描写的方法,关注影响整个翻译过程的各种权力关系。通过描述、分析中国历史上的翻译活动,文章试图从翻译主体的转换、翻译文本的选择以及翻译策略的采用这三个方面来揭示翻译的政治——影响翻译的各种权力关系。

As a linguistic transfer between texts,translation was traditionally seen as a branch of linguistics.However,with the appearance of Translation Studies School in the 1970s,the linguistic concept of translation is drastically changed into a rewriting of the original text and translation studies have begun a cultural turn.Translation theorists now tend to adopt a descriptive approach and focus on the various power relations influencing the whole process of translation.Through the description and analysis of the translation activities in the history of China,this paper aims to reveal the politics of translation,or various power relations influencing translation,from the following three aspects： shift of translation subjectivity,choice of translation text and selection of translation strategy.