上皮样肉瘤样血管内皮瘤的临床病理学观察

Epithelioid sarcoma-like hemangioendothelioma： a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 3 cases

目的 探讨上皮样肉瘤样血管内皮瘤的临床病理学特征和鉴别诊断.方法 回顾性分析3例上皮样肉瘤样血管内皮瘤的临床表现、组织学特点和免疫表型.结果 3例均发生于成年男性,分别因左颈部肿块、髂部疼痛和双侧颈肩区复发性肿块就诊.镜下观察肿瘤由梭形和上皮样的细胞组成,两种细胞在形态上有移行.瘤细胞呈片状、模糊结节状或交织条束状排列,间质伴有胶原化.1例于结节中央可见凝固性坏死,形态上类似上皮样肉瘤.3例肿瘤内均无明显的血管形成,但其中1例于局灶区域可见胞质内空泡形成,类似上皮样血管内皮瘤.免疫组织化学标记,瘤细胞同时表达上皮性标记和内皮标记.3例均经手术切除,其中2例患者术后恢复良好,随访18个月和14个月均健在,无局部复发或远处转移,另1例术后6年内复发5次.结论上皮样肉瘤样血管内皮瘤属于一种少见的中间型血管内皮瘤,兼具上皮样肉瘤和上皮样血管内皮瘤的部分形态.仅凭光镜形态有时较难确定其内皮细胞分化,必须借助于免疫组织化学标记.上皮样肉瘤样血管内皮瘤与上皮样血管内皮瘤关系较为密切,可能是后者的一种富于细胞性梭形细胞变型.

Objective To study the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of epithelioid sarcoma-like hemangioendothelioma （ES-H）. Methods The clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of three cases of ES-H were analyzed. Results All the 3 cases occurred in male adults. The age ranged from 44 to 53 years. The presentations included left neck mass, iliac pain and bilateral shoulder masses. Histologically, ES-H was composed of a mixture of spindle and epithelioid tumor cells. Transition between the two cell types was demonstrated. The tumor cells were arranged in compact sheets, vague nodules or intersecting fascicles, amongst a collagenous stroma. Central coagulative necrosis was identified in one case, reminiscent the morphology that seen in epithelioid sarcoma. There was no evidence of angiogenesis, though focal presence of intracytoplasmic vacuoles was seen in one case, as in classic examples of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells expressed both epithelial （AE1/AE3, CAM5.2 and epithelial membrane antigen） and endothelial （CD31,Fli-1 and factor Ⅷ-related antigen ） markers. Two of the cases were also positive for CD34. All of the patients were treated by surgical resection. Two patients remain well at 14-month and 9-month follow up,respectively. The remaining patient had repeated local recurrences during a 6-year period. Conclusions ES-H represents a rare morphologic type of hemangioendothelioma. It has some overlapping histologic features with epithelioid sarcoma and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. The endothelial nature of ES-H is difficult to be verified on the basis of morphologic examination alone. Confirmation of the diagnosis with immunohistochemistry is necessary. ES-H is likely related to epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and may represent a cellular spindie cell variant of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.