洛阳地区遗传性疾病患病情况及相关因素探讨

An inquiry into situation of suffering from hereditary diseases and related factors in Luoyang District

目的： 旨在摸清洛阳地区遗传病的种类、分布特点，各种遗传病的患病率的高低及危害程度，筛选高危家庭进行监护。为地方政府和卫生行政部门制定相应的法规提供科学依据和防治措施，降低病残儿的出生及遗传病的患病率，提高人口素质。方法： 本调查采用分层整体与随机抽样的方法，对农村人群进行多学科、多病种的综合性调查。首先采用了初筛，而后又由专科医生进行复查、诊断。结果： 获得本地区遗传性疾病的患病率为９２ ‰。其中平原地区为７５２ ‰，丘陵地区为１２３５ ‰，山区为９６８ ‰。患病率较高的遗传病依次为：先天性智力低下，精神分裂症，原发性癫痫，先天性聋哑，原发性高血压，唇腭裂。对６ 种多基因遗传病进行遗传学分析。筛选出高危家庭５９ 个。结论： 原发性癫痫、精神分裂症、唇裂有明显的遗传倾向、先天性智力低下、精神分裂症、原发性癫痫患病率最高、先症者近亲中的发病率以先天性智力低下为最高。

Objective:?The purpose of our investigation is to find out the varieties and distribution features of the hereditary diseases in Luoyang District,It's incidence and the degree of harm;to select the families who are likely to develop the diseases to be well cared to provide the scientific support for the local government and the health administration department to make the corresponding laws and the regulations,to adopt premeasures to prevent the disabled children from boring,to low the incidence of the hereditary diseases and to improve the qualitly of the population.Methods:?The research has adopted the classify group and statistics random sampling.We have carried out an all-round investigation concerning many subjects and various kinds of hereditary diseases in the rural reglons.At first,some patients were selected and they were checked and diagnosed by the speciallzed doctors again.Results:?The whole incidence of the hereditary diseases is 0.92%,among which that of the plain occupies 0.752%;that of the hilly reglons occupies 1.235%;and that of the mountainous area occupies 0.968%,The order the incidence of the hereditary disease surdimutism,congenital cardiopathia,primary hyperpiesia,lycostoma.After making a genetic analysis of six kinds of polygenic hereditary diseases,we have selected 59 familles who are likely to develop the diseases.Conclusion:?Primary epllepsia,schizpohrenia,lycoatoma have a strong tendency of heredity.The incidence of mongolism or Down's disease,schizophrenia and primary epllepsia is highest,the close relatives of probands are most likely to develop to mongolism or Down's disease,these three kinds of disease are most concerned with perinatal factors.