环境响应的智能小分子有机凝胶材料

Environmental Responsive Smart Low Molecule Organogel Materials

小分子有机凝胶(low molecule organogel,LMOG)是近年来逐渐发展起来的一类新型自组装材料,随着研究的深入,LMOG的功能化特别是对环境有智能响应的凝胶体系引起人们极大的研究兴趣。本文综述了4类智能响应的凝胶体系的研究进展,即:光响应小分子凝胶体系,主要是凝胶因子内含有偶氮苯、二芳乙烯等光致变色基团;电化学响应小分子凝胶体系,主要是凝胶因子内含有四硫富瓦烯等电化学响应基团;离子(分子)响应的小分子凝胶体系,通过凝胶和客体离子(分子)间通过电荷转移或结构形变等形式实现响应;超声波响应小分子凝胶体系,在超声波外力的存在下,使分子结构以有利于形成分子间氢键的形式存在,从而形成稳定凝胶。

Low molecule organogel（LMOG） is a new type of self-assembled materials gradually developed in recent years,with the further research,functional LMOGs,especially smart response system for the environment attracted great interests of the researchers.In this review,four types of smart response systems are mainly described,namely,photo response LMOG systems,which containing azobenzene,diarylethylene and other photochromic groups;electrochemical response LMOG systems,which containing tetrathiafulvalene（TTF） and other electrochemical response groups;ions（molecules） response LMOG systems,which responds through the charge transfer between the LMOGs and the guest ions（molecules） or the structure deformation;ultrasound response LMOG systems,with the external ultrasound force,molecular structure to facilitate the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds form,and thus to form a stable gel.