小分子有机电致发光器件和材料的研究及应用

Development of Devices and Materials for Small Molecular Organic Light-emitting Diodes and Hurdles for Applications

有机电致发光器件(OLED)是在电场作用下,以有机材料为活性发光层的器件。由于OLED具有亮度高、响应快、视角宽、工艺简单、可柔性等优点,在现代科学研究及技术应用中备受关注。其商业化应用,诸如平板显示(FPD)和固体照明(SSL)等,正在不断向前推进。本文综述了小分子OLED的各种器件结构和功能材料研究进展以及该领域存在的问题和挑战。在器件结构方面,着重介绍了每种器件的结构及相关工作原理、并对其性能进行讨论。包括:掺杂或主体发光器件;单层、双层、三层及多层器件;白光器件。继而介绍了OLED功能材料的一般研究方法,OLED中典型功能材料的结构和特点,以及器件性能。这些功能材料包括:空穴传输、电子传输、红光、绿光、蓝光、掺杂磷光的主体、界面修饰等材料。文章最后提出了小分子有机电致发光器件在技术方面存在的主要问题和挑战,并对其未来发展方向做了简单讨论。

Organic light-emitting diodes（OLEDs） are electrical driven devices which contain organic materials as emitting media.OLEDs have attracted attention widely in modern science and technology,due to their good features of high brightness,quick response,large viewing angle,simple manufacture process,and flexibility,etc.Currently,OLEDs have stridden forward to commercialization in its application field,such as flat panel display（FPD） and solid state lighting（SSL）.Although small-size FPD products based on OLED have been in the markets,and prototype products in large dimensions also have come to true,there still exist challenges and hurdles.In this paper,we review the progress in OLED research of devices and materials,as well as OLED applications.Firstly,devices with different structures,such as host emitter based-and dopant emitter based devices,single-,double-,triple-and multilayer devices,as well as white OLED device are discussed,focusing on their working principles,corresponding device features and mechanism differences among them.Secondly,afterintroducing the strategies for OLED material research,different types of materials including hole transport materials,electron transport materials,various color emitters,and surface modification materials,are summarized,with their performance in OLED presented.Finally,the current challenges for applications are highlighted,and the focus of future research and development are proposed.