基于线粒体COⅠ基因的2个新发现鸡种资源DNA编码研究

Studies on the DNA Barcoding of Two Newly Discovered Chicken Breeds by mtDNA COⅠ Gene

以中国2个新发现鸡种资源金湖乌凤鸡、安义瓦灰鸡及地方鸡种狼山鸡为研究对象,利用DNA测序技术测定了线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ（cytochrome c oxidaseⅠ,COⅠ）基因序列,揭示2个新发现资源COⅠ基因的遗传多样性及其与地方鸡种的遗传关系。结果显示,选择的这段COⅠ基因序列在2个新发现资源和狼山鸡中有10个突变位点,为7个单倍型,其中有3个为特异性突变位点,5个特异性单倍型。金湖乌凤鸡、安义瓦灰鸡和狼山鸡群体内平均核苷酸多样度（Pi）分别为0.068%;0.051%和0.0369%,单倍型多样度（H）分别为0.4167、0.3030和0.9000。狼山鸡的遗传多样性大于2个新发现资源。3个地方鸡群体间的Kimura双参数遗传距离范围为-0.002~0.236;种间遗传距离小于种内遗传距离。结果表明,利用COⅠ这一特定基因的特定区段来做DNA条形编码的基础,进行不同鸡品种鉴定具有方便、快捷、经济、准确等优点,是可行和有效的。

The COⅠ genes in two newly discovered chicken breeds（Jinhu silky and Wahui） and indigenous chicken breed（Langshan） were amplified by sequencing,in order to post the genetic diversity of these two newly discovered resources and their heredity relation with other chicken breeds.The results showed that the selective sequence of COⅠhad 10 SNPs and 7 haplotypes,3 SNPs were specific mutation sites,5 haplotypes were specific haplotypes.The average nucleotide diversities of Jinhu silky,Wahui and Langshan were 0.068%,0.051% and 0.0369%,respectively;the haplotype diversities of them were 0.4167,0.3030 and 0.9000,respectively;the genetic diversity of Langshan was higher than the two newly discovered breeds.The Kimura 2-parameter distances between the breeds ranged from-0.002 to 0.236.The genetic distances of intrapopulation were less than that of interpopulation.It was feasible and effective to identify chicken breeds using DNA barcodes of COⅠ gene.