现代汉语祈使句主语隐现研究

A Study on Covert or Overt Subjects of Imperative Sentences

在多种因素综合作用下,祈使句主语隐现有时是强制的,有时只表现出一定的倾向性。主语强制性出现,受到并列分句形式、动词语义特征以及一些语境因素的影响。主语选择性出现与句法上祈使句复杂程度,语篇因素以及语用表敬性有关。祈使句主语隐现归根到底是经济性原则和明确性原则共同作用的结果。

Under the effect of many factors, the subject of imperative sentences sometimes compulsively appears, sometimes doesn＇ t. The compulsive appearances of subjects are influ- enced by syntactic factors, semantic factors, and situational factors. The selective appear- ances of subjects are influenced by syntactic factors, such as complexity of imperative sentences, contextual factors and pragmatic factors of politeness. Whether the subject of im- perative sentences appears or not, in the final analysis, is the result of joint action of the principle of economy and clarity.