利比亚经济改革:背景、进程与效果

Economic Reforms in Libya:Background,Process and Effects

20世纪80年代末以来,由于计划经济体制的低效率、国际石油价格波动的冲击、国际社会制裁的损害,利比亚经济长期处于衰退之中,经济危机引起了政府的合法性危机。在此背景下,利比亚进行了广泛经济改革。改革的主要内容涉及经济体制的私有化和自由化,并使政府职能由石油收入的分配者向市场经济的调节者转变;同时,大力引进外资以推动石油工业的发展。利比亚经济改革取得了令人瞩目的成就,但也存在各种各样的问题和困难。

Since the late 1980s,due to the low efficiency of planned economic system,the shock of international oil price fluctuations,and the losses from international sanctions,Libya's economy has been at low ebb for a long time. Economic crisis even leads to legitimacy crisis of the government. Under these circumstances,Libya started its extensive economic reforms,which includes the privatization and liberalization of the economic system,transition of the government functions from an oil revenue distributor to a market economy adjuster,and enormous absorption of foreign capitals to boost oil industry. Despite remarkable achievements,economic reforms in Libya still face various problems and difficulties.