农村进城就业人员的职业流动、城市变换和家属随同状况及影响因素分析

Factors influencing rural-urban migrants' occupation choice,settlement and family accompanying

中国劳动力从农村向城市的大规模流动是促进中国城市化和经济发展的重要动力。本文基于山东等四省619户农户的实地调研数据,定量分析了农村进城就业人员的职业流动和城市变换、家属随同状况及其主要影响因素。研究结果表明,受城市就业机会与自身人力资本的制约,农村进城就业人员从事的职业和就业的城市比较稳定,农村进城就业人员在配偶随同情况比本世纪初有所改善,但在小孩随同情况改善很小,配偶和小孩逐步随同已成为中国城市化进程中农村劳动力"举家迁移"的过渡模式。长远来看,提高农村人力资本、创造城市就业机会和放宽城市教育政策等对于农村进城就业人员举家迁移至关重要。

Rural-urban migration is the major power pushing China's urbanization and economy development.Based on a survey dataset from four provinces of China,this paper analyses the rural-urban migrants' decision to change career,employment city and whether take family aside,and identifies the determinants affect their decision.In conclusion,constraining to urban employment opportunity and human capital,most rural migrants infrequently change their career and city where they work.Spouse and child-accompanying is gradually becoming transition model of family permanent migration.Though rural migrants spouse-accompany has been greatly improved,child-accompany has little changes.In the long run,human capital,urban employment opportunity and urban education policy are critical for China's urbanization.