林权概念的界定——《森林法》抑或《物权法》的视角

On the definition of the concept of forest tenure——From the standpoint of Property Law or Forest Law

对于林权的界定,《森林法》与《物权法》有所不同。《森林法》将森林视为立体结构的自然资源,故而将林权定为以森林、林木和林地为客体的所有权和使用权的统称。而《物权法》则将森林资源视为土地资源的一种,将其归入土地承包经营权之中。在《森林法》修订中,可以将林权界定为一个开放的概念,其客体包括林地与林木,而内容包括林地所有权和使用权,林木所有权和使用权,林下资源所有权以及森林景观开发权等。在具体语境下,应对具体的林权所指进行限定。

On the definition of the concept of forest tenure,there are differences between Forest Law and Property Law.Treating forest as a kind of natural resources with stereostructure,Forest Law defines forest tenure as a general term concluding the ownership and the land-use right of forest,tree and land.Property Law regards forest as land resource,so classifying forest tenure into the right to the contracted management of land.In the amendment of Forest Law,we should redefine forest tenure as an open concept,which include the ownership and land-use right of land and trees,the ownership of undergrowth resources,and the right of forest landscape.In the concrete contexts,we should restrict the details of the forest tenure.