脑血管病患者医院获得性呼吸道感染81例病原菌特点及耐药性研究

A study of pathogenic bacteria and their resistance in 81 cases of hospital acquired respiratory infection in cerebrovascular patients

目的:探讨急性脑血管病患者医院获得性呼吸道感染的病因学、病原菌菌型分布及耐药状况。方法:对81例急性脑血管病获得性呼吸道感染患者痰液中分离的97株致病菌进行菌型分类,并选用10种常用抗菌药物对其进行体外MIC药敏试验。结果:急性脑血管病医院获得性呼吸道感染病原菌分离株居前五位的是金黄色葡萄球菌(24.74%)、铜绿假单胞菌(21.65%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(18.56%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(9.28%)、嗜麦芽假单胞杆菌(7.22%)。结论:昏迷、延髓麻痹、住院时间长、呼吸道侵袭性操作、长时间使用抗菌药物是急性脑血管病患者医院获得性呼吸道感染的易感因素。

Objective： To study the etiology, species of pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance of hospital acquired respiratory infection in 81 cases of acute cerebrovascular diseases. Methods： 97 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the sputum of 81 cases of hospital acquired respiratory infection with prior acute cerebrovascular patients. The bacteria Were differentiated and the susceptibility was tested using 10 regular antibiotics in vitro. Results： The most common pathogenic strains were as follows in sequence： Staphylococcus aureus （24.74%）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （21.65%）, Acinetobacter baumannii （18.56%）, Klebsiella pneumoniae （9.28%）, Pseudomonas maltophilia （7.22%）. Conclusion： The most susceptible factors for hospital acquired respiratory infection in acute cerebrovascular patients are coma, medullary paralysis, long hospital stay, invasive respiratory tract procedures and long time use of antibiotics.