瞬间全溃流量常用公式适用范围的分析比较

Analysis and comparison of application scopes of flow formulas for main instantaneous total dam-break

对于大坝瞬间溃决最大流量的计算,至今仍存在不能合理利用公式的问题。每个瞬间全溃流量公式都有一定的适用范围,为方便合理选择流量公式,对当今主要瞬间全溃流量公式进行了深入分析,给出了各个公式的适用范围,并对各个流量公式进行了比较。发现推广后的斯托克公式和谢任之瞬间全溃公式是等价的,只是形式不同,这两个公式适用范围较广,可以基本满足各种条件下的瞬间全溃最大流量计算;同时,在公式适用范围内,波额流量公式可能存在计算结果明显偏大的问题。

The problem of inappropriate use of formula to calculate the maximum flow of instantaneous total dam-break still exits.In order to choose appropriate formulas conveniently and reasonably,we analyze the flow formulas for main instantaneous total dam-break,propose the application scopes of different formulas and make the comparison among them.It is found that the extended Stoker formula and Xie formula are equivalent with different forms.Both of them can basically meet the requirements of maximum discharge calculation of instantaneous total dam-break under different conditions due to their wide application scopes,and also the values calculated by the upright wave formula may be much larger than those by Xie and Stoker formulars under the same conditions.