水培条件下几种观赏植物对铅的富集特征

Enrichment Characteristics of Pb by Several Kinds of Ornamental Plants Under Hydroponic Culture

通过水培试验，研究了铅处理质量浓度为0～200mg·L^-1条件下，7种观赏植物（包括四季海棠、百日草、茶花凤仙、金鱼草、金盏菊、天竺葵和雁来红）的生长反应和富集特征。结果表明：供试观赏植物在试验的铅胁迫水平下都具有较强的耐性；四季海棠和百日草的地上部最大铅质量分数分别达到了1229．2、1209．7mg·kg^-1，满足超富集植物的临界质量分数标准，同时它们在试验铅处理质量浓度下的地上部铅质量分数和富集系数均显著高于其他观赏植物；四季海棠和百日草的铅转移系数最高值可达到0．9以上，并且百日草铅质量浓度在200mg·L^-1时的转移系数仍高于100mg·L^-1时的转移系数。

The growth response and enrichment characteristics of seven ornamental plants, Begonia semperflorens, Zinnia elegan, Impatiens balsamina, Antirrhinum majus, Calendula officinalis, Pelargonium hortorum and Amaranthus tricolo, were studied under hydroponic culture with 0-200 mg · L^-1 of Pb. Results showed that all the tested ornamental plants had higher iolerance to Pb in the range of experimental Pb stress levels. The highest Pb mass fractions in the above-ground parts of B. sempefflorens and Z. elegan were 1 229.2 and 1 209.7 mg· kg^-1 , respectively, which reached the critical standard of Pb hyperaccumulating plants. And the Pb mass fraction and bioaccumulation coefficient in the above-ground parts of B. semperflorens and Z. elegan was significantly higher than those of the other five ornamental plants. The highest Pb translocation factors for B. semperflorens and Z. elegan were over 0.9, and the Pb translocation factor for Z. elegan was still higher under 200 mg · L^-1 than under 100 mg · L^-1 of Pb.