美国五所研究型理工科大学的学科发展:实证分析的视角

Characteristics of Disciplinary Development of Five Research Universities of Science and Engineering:An Empirical Analysis

以实证分析的视角,从定量到定性,对麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学、伯克利加州大学、普林斯顿大学及加州理工学院等美国5所研究型理工科大学最新的学科发展状况及战略进行了梳理与剖析,凝练出美国研究型理工科大学学科发展的特性:学科发展要有所为、有所不为,重点扶持及培育优势学科,发展特色学科,以进一步促进学科优势的发展。这对当前我国研究型理工科大学的学科发展有积极的启示意义。

From quantitative to qualitative researches based on empirical analysis,this article analyzes and cards the latest status and strategies of disciplinary developments in America＇s five research universities of science and engineering,including Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Stanford University,UC Berkeley,Princeton University and California Institute of Technology.Some characteristics of disciplinary development of are condensed,namely,what disciplines are to be developed should be selected carefully.We should emphasize on supporting and cultivating predominate disciplines,and develop characteristic disciplines so as to further promote the disciplinary advantages.The results may provide some positive enlightenment to research universities of science and engineering in our country.