嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌临床感染诱因及耐药分析

Clinical predisposing factors and in vitro antimicrobial drug resistance of S. maltophilia

目的为了观察嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对临床抗生素耐药情况及临床感染诱发因素。方法对临床分离出的３５例嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌进行了感染诱因分析，同时采用肉汤稀释法对抗生素耐药性进行了探讨。结果菌株对头孢一代、头孢二代全部耐药，头孢哌酮耐药率５４．３％，头孢他啶为６０．０％，喹诺酮类体外呈现出较好的抗菌效果。培养阳性的患者当中３４．３％患有恶性肿瘤、２０．０％的患者接受过激素治疗、２２．９％接受过气管插管。结论患者患有其它疾病造成免疫功能低下，增加了嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的机会。各种创伤性检查和治疗手段如气管插管等诱发了细菌感染。嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对多种抗生素耐药，尤其内酰胺酶类。

OBJECTIVE To study the predisposing factors in patients infectied with S. maltophilia and in vitro susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. METHODS S. maltophilia were collected from 35 cases. In vitro drug susceptibility was evaluated by microdilution MIC. RESULTS 22.9% of patients experienced ventilatory catheter, 34.3% of patients suffered from malignaneies and stesoids were used in 20.0% of patients. In vitro susceptible tests showed that 54.3% of the isolates were resistant to cefoperazone, all isolates were resistant to cefotax, cefuroxime and imipenem and 42.9% of strains resistant to ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSION These data indicate that S. maltophilia are multidrug resistant. The underlying conditions of the patients such as malignancy invasion, catheterization or post steroids treatment may all be predisposed to S. maltophilia infection.