乳化液膜法脱除磷酸中镉的研究

Study on removal of cadmium from phosphoric acid by emulsion liquid membrane technology

镉是磷酸中的有害杂质之一,其对环境的污染和对人体的毒害日趋严重,所以必须控制磷酸中镉等有害杂质的含量。用乳化液膜法除去磷酸中的镉,采用单因素实验法,重点考察了表面活性剂Span-80,T151,T154及用量、萃取剂TBP,P204及用量、萃取时间对脱除磷酸中镉的影响。结果显示:表面活性剂T154用量为2.0 mL及萃取剂P204用量为2.0 mL时,乳化液膜具有较好的稳定性,且萃取时间为15 min时,从磷酸中除镉的效果最优。

Cadmium is one of the harmful impurities in phosphoric acid.Its environmental pollution and poison on human body become more and more serious.So it must control the content of the harmful impurities,such as cadmium,in phosphoric acid.Removing cadmium from phosphoric acid by using emulsion liquid membrane technology was studied.Influences of surfactants（Span-80,T151,and T154） and dosages thereof,extracting agents（TBP and P204） and dosages thereof and extraction time on the removal of cadmium from phosphoric acid were investigated in detail by single factor testing method.Results showed emulsion liquid membrane had good stability when the amounts of T154 and P204 were both 2.0 mL.Furthermore,the removal effect of cadmium from phosphoric acid was the best when extraction time was 15 min.