“行”的艺术:现代诗形式新探

The Art of Lines:A New Study on the Form of Modern Poetry

现代诗在形式上的核心特征是"分行书写",但这一现象并未得到学界的充分重视。中国古典诗歌以平仄、押韵、粘对等内容为其基本的形式特征,可以视为一种"韵的艺术",对于现代格律诗有较大的影响。而随着现代诗的发展,它作为"行"的艺术则逐渐显示出与传统诗歌相异的特质。"分行"本身为现代诗提供了一种天然的"诗意空间",并由此产生了现代诗"行"的独立性以及"行"与"行"之间的疏离性;这种疏离效果在诗中运用的差异,有时成为衡量一首诗"晦涩"与否的标尺。而现代诗"跨行"技巧的经营,更是对现代诗的节奏、风格以及其联缀性、多义性等内容有深刻的影响。就现代诗的句法而论,由于"行"的技巧的使用,也使得现代诗在很大程度上可以延续中国古典诗歌的诸多特征。

The most essential character of modern poetry is that they are ＂written by lines＂, but it is seldom regarded by scholars as an important question. With respect to their tonal pattern, rhyme scheme and antithetical couplet, we can define the classical poetry as ＂the art of rhyme and meter＂, and they influenced modern rhyme-metered poetry. But with the development of modern poetry, the ＂art of lines＂ showed more and more important. Lines give modern poetry a natural ＂poetic space＂, nevertheless, there are independence and alienation between line and line. How to use the independ- ence and alienation between lines becomes a special art of modern poetry, and to some extent it determines the level of obscurity of a poem. The use of enjambment is an important art in modern poetry; it affects the rhythm, style and ambiguity of a poem. With the ＂art of lines＂, the syntaxes of modern poetry also inherit some typical characters of classical poetry.