提高“未来的城市”可持续性的水与资源综合管理系统

Integrated Water and Associated Resources Management System for Improving Sustainability of Cities of the Future

传统城市水资源管理中给水、雨水及污水的收集、处理、利用往往各自为政,在当前自然环境几乎完全被改变的情况下,这种水资源管理方式明显带有不可持续性的特点。因此,现有城市水资源管理系统亟待规模性、综合性完善,以满足"未来的城市(Cities of the Future:COTF)"朝着更加可持续的方向发展。近年来,国际上正积极倡导COTF发展模式,并由此提出了水及相关资源可持续利用之基础设施的概念与理论。将给水、雨水、污水及其所含资源与能源综合管理,形成一种更加合理、有效的可持续性系统已经成为COTF基础设施建设的重要发展目标。这种"三水合一"的系统可原位(On-site)实现持续性给水、雨水利用、污水再生回用以及污水所含营养元素与能源的回收,使得整个水资源使用过程中化学物质与能源消耗量最低,甚至逼近"碳中和(Carbonneutral)"目标。首先,介绍城市水与资源综合管理系统目标及组成部分;其次,综述并讨论这一概念下实施计划的研发进展和成功范例;最后,指出加速城市水与资源综合管理系统实现时应注意的管理与技术问题。

Water supply, stormwater and drainage in traditional urban water management modes are independently managed. Under totally changed environment, such modes are typically unsustainable. For this reason, existing systems have to be systematically and comprehensively improved for meeting the needs of Cities of the Future （COTF） towards a more sustainable development. In recent years, the COTF mode is being proposed, which results in the concepts and theories of constructing infrastructures for sustainable utilization of water and associated resources. The proposed sustainable systems of ＇＂ three waters combined＂ can realize on-site use and reclamation of drinking water, stormwater, wastewater and associate nutrient and energy, which makes it possible to use the lowest amounts of chemicals and energy and even approaches to ＂carbon neutral＂. Firstly, the goals and components of water and associated re- sources management are introduced. Next, some R ＆ D progresses and case studies are demonstrated. Finally, some key points in terms of management and technology are stated to speed up the development of proposed new systems.