长期接触低浓度氯气对作业工人的健康影响

Effects of Long-term Exposure to Low Concentration of Chlorine on Workers' Health

目的探讨长期接触低浓度氯气对作业工人健康的影响,以便更好地采取防治措施。方法对广东省某氯碱化工厂进行职业卫生学调查和现场氯气浓度监测,并对196名氯气作业人员(接触组)和178名非接触尘、毒危害人员(对照组)进行职业健康检查。结果作业场所共测量氯气作业点15个,75个样品。各岗位氯气浓度均低于国家卫生标准(1 mg/m3)。职业健康检查中,结膜炎、咽炎、鼻炎、疑似牙酸蚀、肺纹理增粗、肺功能异常、心电图异常等罹患率明显高于对照组(Ρ<0.01)。结论长期接触低浓度氯气,对作业工人健康有慢性职业危害。

Objective To investigate the potential effects of long--term exposure to low concentration of chlorine on workers＇ health and to improve the protective measures. Methods The working environment was surveyed in this chlorine alkali chemical plant. The physical examination was carried out among 196 exposed workers and 178 unexposed workers. Results The chlorine concentrations of all 75 samples taken at 15 work sites were lower than the national hygienic standard （1 mg/m^3 ）. The exposed workers showed a higher prevalence of conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, suspected dental erosion, intensified pulmonary grains, abnormal lung function, and abnormal ECG, compared with the controls （P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions The occupational hazardous effects of long-term exposure to low concentration of chlorine on workers＇ health might be chronic in nature.