临床营养支持策略的变迁

Changes of Strategy for Clinical Nutritional Support

自20世纪60年代以来,临床营养支持迅速发展,目前已成为治疗危重病的一项重要手段。目前,合理应用营养支持不仅能够纠正病人的营养状态,维持机体正氮平衡,而且还能调节机体的免疫和生理功能,有助于改善病人临床结局。营养支持已由最初单纯供能用途发展成为某些严重疾病治疗的主要方法。如何实现肠内营养和肠外营养的均衡结合,更好地开展个体化和预防性营养治疗,将是今后临床营养支持的主要研究方向。

Clinical nutritional support has progressed remarkably since the 1960s, and it has become an important approach in the treatment of critical illness. Appropriate application of nutritional support helps not only to improve nutritional status and to maintain positive nitrogen balance of patients, but also to modulate the immune system function and to result in improved clinical outcome. Nutritional support is now considered a critical part of the treatment of some critical diseases. More researches are needed to determine the balanced combination of enteral and parenteral nutrition, and to develop better methods to implement preventive and individualized nutrition care plans in the future.