考虑饱和及转子磁场谐波的永磁同步电机模型

Model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Saturation and Rotor Flux Harmonics

永磁同步电机的电感和永磁体产生的磁链会随饱和程度不同而改变、转子磁场通常含有大量空间谐波,这些都会对电机的运行特性造成影响。目前常用的永磁电机模型无法反映这些影响。提出了一种基于有限元的永磁同步电机一般化d-q轴模型建模方法。考虑饱和以及转子磁场谐波的影响,建立了永磁同步电机非线性d-q轴模型。通过Ansoft 有限元计算获得了电机的d、q轴电感、永磁体磁链与电流的非线性关系。根据非线性模型,建立了基于M函数的永磁同步电机一般化Simulink仿真模型。对一台永磁同步电机进行仿真和实验,结果表明,该非线性模型正确且精度较高,为永磁同步电机特性及其控制系统精确动态分析提供了一种快速、有效的一般化建模方法。

The inductance and the flux linkage excited by the permanent magnet（PM） are largely influenced by the saturation of permanent magnet synchronous motor（PMSM）,and the air gap flux excited by the PM often contains large amount of space harmonics.However,the traditional linear mathematic model of PMSM cannot reflect the effects of these factors as mentioned above on the operation performance of motor.In this paper,a general finite element method（FEM） based d-q axis variable modeling method of PMSM was proposed.A general nonlinear d-q axis variable mathematic model of PMSM was established taking account of the effects of saturation and space harmonics,in which the d-q axis inductance and the flux linkage excited by PM were obtained from the finite element solutions by using Ansoft.A new M function based simulation model was implemented in Simulink using the equation of the established nonlinear model.The simulation and experimental results of a PMSM show that the proposed nonlinear model is correct and has perfect precision,which provides a fast,accurate and efficient modeling method for the characteristic and the drive system dynamic precise analysis of PMSM.