特质应对问卷的进一步探讨

Further explorations for a coping style questionnaire

目的 对自编特质应对问卷（ＣＳＱ）作进一步探讨。方法 将修订后的ＣＳＱ使用于２７５１ 人并作系统的信度和效度分析。结果 通过因素分析获两个主成分：消极应对（ＮＣ）和积极应对（ＰＣ）各含１０ 个条目，两者呈低相关。ＮＣ和ＰＣ的克伦巴赫α系数分别为０．６９和０．７０，重测相关分别为０．７５ 和０．６５，本人与亲属测定结果的相关系数分别为０．７５和０．７３。ＮＣ与ＳＣＬ—９０ 总分和各因子以及ＥＰＱ的Ｎ分均有高度正相关（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）；ＰＣ与ＳＣＬ—９０ 总分和各因子无相关，但与ＥＰＱ的Ｅ分有正相关（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。躯体病人较之健康人有较高的ＮＣ分（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。不论病人组或健康组，年龄越高ＮＣ越高而ＰＣ越低（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）；女性较之男性有高ＮＣ和低ＰＣ的特点（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）；农民在各种职业中有较高的ＮＣ量分和低ＰＣ分（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）；学历越高ＮＣ越低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论 ＣＳＱ 有一定的信度和效度，可在心理病因学研究方面加以应用。

Objective To make further exploration for a coping styles questionnaire (CSQ). Methods CSQ, a self developed coping styles questionnaire with trait oriented coping approach, was administered to 2751 samples and the reliability and validity were tested. Results The factor analyses of items obtained two sub scale: negative coping (NC) and positive coping (PC), each with 10 items. For NC and PC, Cronbach α were 0.69 and 0.70,and test retest correlation were 0.75 and 0.65, and the correlation of self test and relatives test were 0.75 and 0.73. NC had positive correlation with total and each factor scores of SCL—90 (P<0.01), and PC had no such result (P>0.05). NC was positively correlated with N score of EPQ (P<0.01), while PC was positively correlated with E score of EPQ (P<0.05). The NC scores of patient group and of peasant group were higher than that of healthy group and of other occupational groups, respectively (P<0.01). Female had higher NC score and lower PC score than male (P<0.01). Conclusions The results showed that CSQ had moderate reliability and validity, consisted with results of author's and other papers last decade.