浅论先秦儒家的善与不善概念——兼析孟荀的人性善恶之辩

On the Conceptions of Good and Not-good for Pre-Qin Confucian

以孔孟为代表的先秦儒家,常以善与不善为相对的伦理范畴。孟子以善为主导而引出不善,故强调知心尽性、存心养性。美与恶作为相对概念另有含义,涉及伦理道德时,则显示程度上的特质。其间深意,于今仍有启示。

Confucius and Mencius as the typical representatives of the Pre-Qin Confucian regularly mentioned Good and Not-Good as the ethical category. In the opinion of Mencius,Good as a dominant of ethics conducted Not-good, so he emphasized that everybody ought to try his best to obtain the perfect human nature through knowing and practicing. Beauty and Evil were considered as other relative conceptions. They would display different level of them when good or not-good related to ethics. There was deep sense for Good and not-good in times of pre-Qin.