斑点叉尾鮰家系育种核心群生长性能研究及优良亲本选择

Study of growth performance of nucleus herd of family breeding in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and selection of parents with good trait

采集斑点叉尾鮰核心群个体122～519 d日龄的体长、体重数据及家系成活率数据。结果表明,生长最快家系平均体重是最慢家系的3.53倍,体重绝对增长率(AGRW)范围为0.94～3.32 g/d。多元方差分析(MANOVA)表明,在收获体长和体重上,不同家系存在极显著差异(P<0.01);各家系生长日龄对各家系的体重、体长无显著影响(P>0.05)。单因素方差分析(one-wayANOVA)和多重比较(Duncan)结果表明:(1)按AGRW划分的A、B、C家系组间收获体重及AGRW存在极显著差异(P<0.01),生长快速A组含20个家系,其平均收获体重及AGRW显著高于核心群家系总平均值;(2)10个杂交组合产生家系生长性能差异极显著(P<0.01),03×97、04×97、01×03产生家系具有明显生长优势,平均收获体重分别比核心群家系总平均值提高了20.95%、19.47%和14.42%,平均AGRW分别比其提高了20.66%、19.81%和15.74%;(3)5个父本地理群体产生家系收获体重、AGRW差异显著(P<0.05),04和97父本群体产生家系生长优势明显;5个母本地理群体产生家系生长性能差异不显著(P>0.05),03母本群体产生家系生长速度较快。采用核心群个体体重(W)和体长(L)数据进行幂函数曲线拟合,拟合方程为W=0.0281 L2.7552(R2=0.9903),核心群个体处于异速生长阶段。

In recent years,the germplasm in channel catfish（Ictalurus punctatus） has degraded seriously.Family breeding of channel catfish was carried out.In the present study,the growth performance of different nucleus herd families was compared,and the parents with good trait were selected.The body length and body weight of 122-519 d of nucleus herd individuals as well as the survival rate of the families were measured and analyzed.The results showed that the average body weight of the family with the fastest growth rate was 3.53 times that of the family with the slowest growth rate.The AGRW of these families ranged from 0.94 to 3.32 g/d.The multivariate analysis of variance（MANOVA） showed that there were significant differences（P0.01） in harvest body weight and body length among the families,and the growth days of families had no significant influence on the harvest body weights and body lengths（P0.05）.The one-way AVOVA and Duncan analysis revealed that：（1） There were significant differences in harvest body weight and AGRW among the A,B,C family groups（P0.01） that were divided by AGRW.The fast growth A family group included twenty families.The average body weight and AGRW of the A group were significantly higher than the total average of the nucleus herd.（2）There were significant differences in growth characterization among the offspring of ten cross combinations（P0.01）.The 03×97,04×97 and 01×03 hybridization family had obvious growth heterosis.Their average harvest body weights were 20.95%,19.47% and 14.42% higher than the total average of the nucleus herd respectively,and the average AGRW were 20.66%,19.81% and 15.74% higher than that of nucleus herd respectively.（3）There were significant differences in harvest body weight and AGRW among offspring of different geographic population male parents（P0.05）.The offspring families of 04 and 97 geographic population male parents had obvious growth advantage.There were no significant differences in growth characterization among offspring of different geographic population female parents（P0.05）.The offspring families of 03 geographic population female parents grew faster.Finally,based on the data of the nucleus herd,the body length and weight relationship was constructed： W = 0.0281 L2.7552（R2=0.9903）.And this showed that the family individuals were in allometric growth period.