典型红壤区田间尺度下土壤养分和水分的空间变异研究

The Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrients and Water in the Field-scale of Typical Red Soil Region

本文选择了典型的红壤区进行网格法分层(0～20cm、20～40cm)取样,采用地统计学与经典的统计学相结合的方法,研究了田间尺度下土壤含水量、全氮、硝态氮和有机质的空间变异特性。结果表明:土壤中各种特性信息均服从正态分布,土壤全氮和有机质含量随深度的增加而减小,而硝态氮含量随深度的增加呈增大的趋势,两个土层硝态氮的变异系数(41.80%～61.97%)远高于全氮和有机质的变异系数(6.21%～19.29%);该研究区域内的土壤含水量、全氮、硝态氮和有机质含量的变程在13.50m～32.60m之间;土壤全氮和有机质含量之间有显著的正相关性;而硝态氮与土壤含水量之间有显著的负相关性(P<0.01,n=96)。采用地统计学研究典型红壤区土壤养分和水分的空间变异性,可为研究区的精确施肥、精确灌溉以及其它的农田精确管理提供科学依据。

The typical red soil samples were collected from the surface soil layer（0-20 cm） and the deep soil layer（20-40 cm） by classic statistics and geostatistics methods.Using geostatistics analysis can explicitly express the spatial variability of soil water content,total nitrogen,nitrate and organic matter.The results showed that all soil parameters were normal distribution.The content of total nitrogen and organic matter were increasing with the depth of soil layer reducing,and the nitrate was opposited.The nitrate variation coefficient（41.80%-61.97%） of two soil layers were higher than that of total nitrogen and organic matter（6.21%-19.29%）.The change scales of soil water content,total nitrogen,nitrate,organic matter were from 13.50 m to 32.60 m.Total nitrogen and organic matter showed significantly positive correlations.The nitrate and soil water content showed significantly negative correlations（P 0.01,n=96）.The classical statistics and geostatistics method could be used to study the spatial variability of soil moisture,total nitrogen,nitrate and organic matter in typical red soil region,which was the scientific basis for precision fertilization,irrigation and other managements.