黑龙江省巴彦县土壤养分空间变异规律与格局分析

Spatial Variability and Pattern Analysis of Soil Nutrients in Bayan of Heilongjiang Province

本文在349个采集土壤表层(0～20cm)样本分析基础上,运用地统计学与GIS相结合的方法,研究了黑龙江省巴彦县典型区域土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾、pH值的空间变异特征,并结合巴彦县实际情况分析了这四种养分的影响因素。研究结果表明:土壤有机质、速效钾、pH值的变异函数曲线符合指数模型,土壤速效磷的理论模型符合有基台的线性模型;在空间结构上,土壤有机质、速效钾、pH值空间自相关性中等,土壤速效磷量表现强弱的空间自相关性;采用Kriging插值方法,分析研究区域的土壤养分空间格局分布可以看出,四种土壤养分的空间分布具有较明显的地域性,速效磷与速效钾以中部为最低,并向四周呈波状扩展增加,土壤有机质、pH值的分布则较为随机。

The spatial variation of soil nutrients,including organic matter（OM）,available P（AP）,available K（AK） and pH value and its influencing factors was studied in Bayan,Heilongjiang Province of China,with the aid of both Geo-statistics and GIS.The samples of 349 top soil（0-20 cm） were collected in this area.The results indicated that the semi-variograms of soil OM,AK and pH value were best described by exponential model.AP were best described by linear with sill model.Those soil properties had different spatial correlations respectively,the range of OM,AK,pH value belonged to moderate class,and AP was the lowest.According to the results of spatial variability of soil nutrients with the help of Kriging,the results indicated that AP and AK were the lowest in the central area and regularly increased to the around,while soil OM and pH value distributed randomly.