西北现代绿洲农作制现状与问题及其关键建设技术

Status and Problems of Oasis Farming System and Key Develop Techniques in Northwest China

在西北绿洲灌区,农作制已表现出农作系统结构与资源的吻合度较高、亚系统产业链基本形成、关键技术局部突破,成效显著等主要特点,但仍面临功能不稳、亚系统间耦合度不足、关键技术的系统性较差、保障制度滞后等一系列问题。建设生态、经济和社会协调发展的现代农作制是绿洲农业可持续发展面临的重大挑战。未来绿洲现代农作制建设重点应放在加环增效、农产品深加工、农田自然资源持续高效安全利用和农田有害物质阻控的系统接口技术,集成由不同单项技术组装而成的产业链高效发展模式。

In Northwest China, the main characteristics of oasis farming system showed as： the coordination of farming system structure and the natural resources is significant improved, and the primary industry chains based on subsystems of farming system has been formed, as well as many great breakthrough has been made in the individual key technology of the farming system. But the current oasis farming system is facing series problems, such as the coordination among the subsystems of it is insufficient, and the systematic characteristic of the key technologies does not developed, and the connected guarantee mechanism is obviously leg behind. Construction a modem farming system that can promote the development of the economy, ecology and society is an urgent project for sustainable develop of oasis agriculture. This paper show that, constructing an integrated farming system which fit to the regional natural and social resources of oasis area, technologies as following must be improved： food chain extended technology, primary products intensive processing technology, sustainable utilize natural resources in farm land and harmful substance control technology. On the other hand, high efficient industry chains combined by different individual technologies should be developed.