戈壁地区风沙活动对公路影响的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Blown Sand Disaster along the Gobi Highway

安西至嘉峪关一级公路建于河西走廊西部的戈壁地区。为了预测和防止公路建成后风沙活动对公路本身以及对行车安全带来的危害,基于野外调查、风况资料的整理分析和实地风沙观测,对公路沿线的风沙危害程度进行了评价。研究结果表明:①研究区绝大部分区域地貌为沙砾质戈壁,在戈壁面保持稳定的情况下不易起沙,而已退化的灌丛沙堆是造成公路风沙危害的直接沙源;②起沙风的风向在安西县主要为东风,而在玉门市西风为优势风。研究区沙源和优势风向的确定为安嘉公路风沙危害防护体系的建立奠定了基础。

The Anxi-Jiayuguan highway is set up in the western Gansu Corridor with Gobi as the main geomorphology.In order to predict and prevent blown-sand hazards to the highway,the authors in this paper conducted field investigation,wind field calculation and blown wind observation along the highway in study area.It is difficult for sand particles to be eroded in Gobi area due to high roughness of land surface,but degraded nebkhas that distribute in the study area are the direct sand sources.The dominant sand-blowing wind is eastern wind in Anxi,and western wind in Yumen.A clear understanding of sand sources and wind direction will be helpful in designing and building the protection system of preventing blown sand hazards in the study area.