老年肺炎现代诊治与预防策略

Strategies for management and prevention of senile pneumonia.

肺部感染在老年人各种直接死因中占第4位,是80岁以上老人死因的第一位,老年肺炎起病隐匿,临床表现不典型,基础疾病和合并症多,病原感染复杂、易于产生耐药菌,病死率高。因此,正确识别和早期治疗尤显重要。治疗需要个体化,考虑药物不良反应、兼顾内环境平衡和全身营养,而早期适当的抗生素选择、覆盖耐药菌、足够的剂量和合理的疗程是老年肺炎的治疗关键。

Summary： Pulmonary infection is the fourth cause of death in the elderly, and is also the first killer for those over the age of eighty. Pneumonia in the elderly is characterized by occult onset,atypical clinical manifestations, co-morbid diseases and complications, more complex pathogens, easy drug-resistance and high mortality. Therefore, it is important to make early and correct diagnosis. Individualized treatment needs to consider adverse drug reactions, environmental balance and overall nutrition status. And early appropriate antibiotic selection, resistant coverage ,adequate and reasonable treatment dose are the keys to the treatment of senile pneumonia.