孕穗期低温胁迫对北方杂交粳稻颖花结实的影响

Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Spikelet Fertility of Northern Japonica Hybrid Rice at Booting Stage

以北方杂交粳稻辽优5218为试材,常规粳稻辽星1号为对照进行盆栽试验,在孕穗期进行低温胁迫处理,对花药形态及产量性状进行分析,研究低温逆境下杂交粳稻颖花结实的变化。结果表明,低温胁迫使花药变小,花药长度对低温更敏感,辽优5218花药长度下降率为16.2%,花药体积的下降率为38.9%,明显大于对照品种。12℃极端低温5d胁迫下,辽优5218产量构成因素受低温影响程度均大于对照品种;而在极端低温(12℃)1d和3d胁迫及17℃胁迫下,表现优于辽星1号的耐低温能力。鉴于花药性状与产量构成因素间的密切相关性,在北方杂交粳稻的栽培过程中要加强预防孕穗期低温伤害。

Low temperature stress at the booting stage,might do much more damage to spikelet fertility than any other growth stages.By using Liaoyou 5218 and Liaoxing 1 at booting stage as materials,the effects of low temperature stresses on spiketets fertility were investigated.The results showed that the volume of anther became small under low temperature stresses,with the length of anther was more sensitive than the width.The anther variations of Liaoyou 5218 was more significant with the changes of length and volume of anther 17.4% and 16.8% higher than that of Liaoxing 1.Yield components of Liaoyou 5218 decreased significantly compared to that of Liaoxing1 under the stress of 12℃ for 5d.Liaoyou 5218 showed strong hybrid heterosis under the stresses of 12℃ for 1d and 3d,and the stresses of 17℃.Preventive measures of low temperature stress must be strengthened at the booting stage during the cultivation of northern japonica hybrid rice.