豆粕固态限定发酵和强化发酵的研究

Study on limited and intensified solid-state fermentation of soybean meal

本文采用短乳杆菌、酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌进行豆粕固态限定发酵和强化发酵的研究,对发酵过程中小分子蛋白含量、菌量、pH及胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性等进行了测定。结果表明:纯菌条件下,接种短乳杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌实验组限定发酵的小分子蛋白含量分别为31.0%和28.3%,高于接种酵母菌试验组的22.4%,且小分子蛋白积累高峰时间为48～72 h;接种地衣芽孢杆菌实验组的胰蛋白酶抑制剂降解率高于接种短乳杆菌或酵母菌实验组。豆粕天然发酵试验组的小分子蛋白含量和胰蛋白酶抑制剂降解率分别为22.2%和44.1%,接种短乳杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌试验组的小分子蛋白含量和胰蛋白酶抑制剂降解率分别为32.4%、99.5%和29.3%、99.7%,表明接种强化发酵有助于小分子蛋白含量的提高和胰蛋白酶抑制剂的降解。

This study was conducted to study the relationship of contents of small molecule protein,bacterial counts and activities of trypsin inhibitor （TI） in soybean meal fermentation process by L.brevis ,C.tropicalis ,B.subtilus ,B.licheniformis.The results showed that contents of small molecule protein during anaerobic fermentation with L.brevis or B.licheniformis at sterile soybean meal were better than that with C.tropicalis and the best fermentation time was 48 - 72 h ;for the degradation of Tt ,B.licheniformis was better than L.brevis and C.tropicalis.Compared to the non-inoculated non-sterile soybean meal,the inoculated soybean meal could accelerate the accumulation of small molecule protein and degradation of TI,eontents of small molecule protein and degradation rate of TI with L.brevis were 32.4 % and 99.5 % ,while with B. licheniformis were 29.3 % and 99.7 %.