季铵盐双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Research on Synthesis and Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Gemini Surfactant

以N,N-二甲基十二烷基叔胺和1,4-二溴丁烷为原料合成了以丁基为连接基团的具有对称结构的双子季铵盐型杀菌剂。目标产物结构通过核磁共振氢谱进行表征。测定了25℃下双子季铵盐水溶液的表面张力,考察了双子季铵盐与NP-6,NP-8,NP-15,AEO-3二元复配体系形成胶束的能力和降低表面张力的协同增效作用。测定了双子季铵盐及其二元复配体系对锌的缓蚀性能。初步探讨了双子季铵盐的抗菌、抑菌性能。结果表明:双子表面活性剂与NP-6,NP-8,NP-15,AEO-3的二元复配体系可以产生降低表面张力的协同增效作用。合成的季铵盐型双子表面活性剂水溶液的临界胶束浓度(cmc)、相应的表面张力(γcmc)均低于普通表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(C16TAB)。与普通表面活性剂C16TAB相比,双子表面活性剂抑菌、抗菌效果更为优异,对8种农业致病菌有抑制作用,其中对番茄叶霉菌抑制效果最佳。

In this paper,it inroduces the bi--quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with symmetrical structure which is synthesized by the reaction of N, N-dimethyl dodecylamine and 1,4 - dihromo butantane with butyl being spacer group. The structure of the target product is characterized by 1HNMR. Besides. It measures the surface tension of hiquaternary ammonium salt aqueous solution, and investigates the capability of the formation of micelle and the synergistic effect on reducing surface tension inits binary complex systems with NP-6, NP-8, NP-15, AEO-3. The inhibition properties on zinc of the synthesized surfactant and its binary complex systems are also determined. Additionally,the antimicrobial and antibacterial properties of the biquaternary ammonium salt are studied initially. It is shown from the results that dimeric surfactan can make synergic effect on reducing surface tension in its binary complex systems with NP-6, NP-8,NP-15,AEO 3. The critical micelle concentration（cmc） and the surface tension on the cmc （ycmc） of the synthesized dimeric surfactant are lower than that of conventional surfaetant cetyltrimethyl- ammonium bromide （C16TAB）. Compared with conventional surfactant, dimeric surfactant make greater effects on antibacterial and antimicrobial activities against eight fungus, especially, against the tomato leaf mold.