关于发展传播理论的范式转换

On Paradigmatic Transformation of Development Communication Theories

问世半个世纪前的发展传播理论一直属于国际传播研究的重要组成部分。人们常常从宏观角度把国际传播划分为"传播和发展范式"、"文化帝国主义"范式、"文化多元主义"范式或全球化范式。本文的目的在于通过粗略的线性分析,归纳出发展传播理论的路径转换,即从强调媒介传播效果的功能主义模式逐渐过渡到重视社会主体参与性质的社会属性模式。前者充满现代化的诱导和国家主义的想像,后者蕴含多元现代性的反思和主体间性的期盼,这在某种程度上与传播学学科发展的历史逻辑相平行。

Development communication theories that came into being half a century ago have always been the essential components of the international communicational researches. International commtmication is also intuitively subsumed into different categories such as ＂Communication and development＂, ＂Cultural imperialism＂, ＂Cultural pluralism＇or Globalization. This paper tries to sum up the transformation course of development communication theories through a rough linear analysis, that is, transformation from a functionalist paradigm that stresses communication effects into that of social attributes that attaches importance to the participation nature of social subject. The former is permeated with seduction of mede- mization and imaginaries of statism, and the latter is full of reflection on pluralistic modernity and expectation of inter-subjectivity, such is, to an extent, parallel to the historical logic of the development of communication studies as diseiphne.