代际支持对农村老年人生活满意度影响的纵向分析

A Longitudinal Study of the Dynamic Effect of Intergenerational Support on Life Satisfaction of Rural Elderly

文章利用2001年、2003年和2006年"安徽省农村老年人生活状况"跟踪调查数据,采用个体增长模型,结合农村实际状况,考察代际支持对农村老年人生活满意度的影响。结果发现老年人获得子女提供的经济支持、代际间双向的家务帮助和情感支持提升了老年人的生活满意度;在代际支持对生活满意度的影响中,老年人获得子女提供的经济支持对获得子女提供的家务帮助具有替代作用;结果反映了农村家庭代际支持仍是以老年人的需求为中心,揭示了"养儿防老"的儒家孝文化在中国农村仍盛行,而老年人为子女的"牺牲精神"现实生活中不可被轻视,揭示了代际支持对老年人生活满意度的影响机制为"主效应模型"的增益作用。

Using data from the 3- wave survey ＂Well being of the elderly in Anhui Province＂ conducted in 2001, 2003 and 2006 by the Institute for Population and Development Studies of Xi＇ an Jiaotong Universily, and employing individual growth models with the nested-structure data, this study investigates the dynamic influence of intergenerational support on life satisfaction of the rural elderly in China. Results show that receiving financial support from adult children, receiving and providing intergenerational assistance with household chores from and to adult children, and stronger emotional cohesion with children can increase the trend of life satisfaction. In the process of the influence on life satisfaction, receiving financial support could substitute for receiving the intergenerational assistance with household chores from the adults. This study reveals that benefit reinforcing effects derived from the main effect models are the influential mechanism of intergenerational support on life satisfaction of the elderly.