层间阳离子对蒙脱石结构与水化膨胀性能的影响

Influence of Interlayer Cations on Structure and Hydro-expansive Property of Montmorillonite

采用系列无机阳离子对提纯后的蒙脱石进行改型实验,在相同实验条件下制备出Li、Na、K、Mg、Ca、Ba等一系列蒙脱石样品。对样品进行了X射线衍射、紫外-可见吸收光谱分析及膨胀容的测试,讨论了层间阳离子电荷、半径对蒙脱石层间水分子层数、层间距和水化膨胀分散性的影响。结果表明蒙脱石层间为2价阳离子时,其水分子层数为两层;层间为1价阳离子时,其水分子层数为1层;蒙脱石的水化膨胀与分散性能层间阳离子为1价时优于蒙脱石层间为2价的。蒙脱石层间距与阳离子的价态与半径均有关系。

Under the same experimental conditions,a series of inorganic cations（Li,Na,K,Mg,Ca,Ba） modified montmorillonite were prepared after the montmorillonite was purfied.Through XRD,UV-Vis spectra and the measurements of expansive capacity,the influences of electric charge and radius of interlayer cations within the interlamination of montmorillonite on the layer number of water molecules,the interlayer spacing and the dispersity of hydration were investigated.The results showed the layer number of water molecules were 1 in the case of monovalent cations existed in the interlayer of montmorillonite,while the layer number of water molecules were 2 in the case of divalent cations existed in the interlayer of montmorillonite.The result also indicated that the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite was related to valence conditions and radius of the cations.