“反者道之动”——浅论中国传统建筑意匠之相反相成

"A ORIGINATES IN NON-A":A DISCUSSION ON ARTISTIC CONCEPTION OF CHINESE TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE

以中国传统审美文化为出发点,将视角兼及具体致用与抽象运用两大方面,以上、下两篇的格局梳理出"相反相成"这一文化特质,对于中国传统建筑意匠试加探讨。上篇偏于审美意趣,分别选取了院落与园林两个具有典型意义的侧面来论述,指出二者自身皆包含着儒道互补的因子,自然与社会并不是对立的两极,而是曰正曰反而终能和合,其各自内在同样是一个诸性俱足的体系。下篇侧重思维方式,论述了相反相成在抽象领域的体现,即我国独特的方位文化。从"方"、"位"、"向"的不同表述所承载的不同内涵入手,通过与西方建筑中方位观的对比,展现了中国传统文化中强调以人为观照对象的空间意识。

Based on Chinese traditional aesthetic culture,this article studies the artistic conception of Chinese traditional architecture from abstract and concrete aspects,taking 'opposite and complementary' as one of the most typical traits in Chinese culture.The first part stresses on the aesthetic appreciation.Taking the courtyard and garden as examples it points out that the mutual complement of Confucianism and Taoism exists of both of them.In fact,there is not opposition but harmony between nature and society.They oppose each other and yet also complement each other.The second part puts emphasis on the mode of thinking.it analyzes the 'opposite and complementary' in China's distinct direction culture.Compared with the Western direction culture and distinguished some similar concepts,such as direction,position,and side,this article reveals the space awareness in Chinese traditional culture.