论荀子的推类思想

On Hsun Tzu's Analogy Ideas

以类同关系为基础的推类思维方式,是中国古代人经常使用的一种谈说论辩方法。作为先秦名学思想集大成者的荀子,批判地继承了前人关于类和推类的相关思想,其推类理论更为自觉。但他继承了儒家的正名为政的传统,其推类思想主要是为统治阶级的政治伦理秩序服务,具有鲜明的伦理政治倾向,体现了先秦文化的"道德型"与"政治型"特性。

The thinking way of analogy based on the similar relationship was often used by the ancient Chinese as a method of arguing and debating. Hsun Tzu, as a master of the Pre-Qin logic ideology, critically inherited fi＇om his predecessors the relevant theories of ＂classification＂ and ＂analogy＂, and further made them more self-eonseious than befo,e. However, his ideas of analogy, which inherited from Confucius the tradition of ＂rectifying name＂ for ＂rectifying politics＂, mainly serviced for the ruling elass＇s political and ethieal order. And also with clear ethical and politieal orientation, his ideas reflected the PreQin Cuhure＇s ＂ethical-type＂ and ＂political-type＂ characteristics.