16年儿科住院病人疾病谱及死亡原因分析

Disease Classification and Death Causes of Paediatric Patients in a University Affiliated Hospital for 16 Years

目的 了解住院患儿的疾病谱及死亡原因的变化趋势。方法 我们整理了1982年～1997年在我院(包括儿科以外科室)住院患儿的病案资料,共计18784份。并对其病案进行了疾病分类及变化趋势、死亡原因及变化趋势的统计和分析。结果 呼吸系统疾病占所有疾病分类的首位,病人最多并有逐年增加趋势;肿瘤病人逐年增加,其增长速度最快;传染病、血液系统疾病、先天性异常等疾病则呈逐年递减趋势;新生儿疾病的病死率最高,人数最多,占所有死亡疾病的首位。结论 从1982年至1997年儿童疾病谱和死亡原因均发生了明显的变化,过去的少见病正成为现在和今后的常见病。

Objective To investigate the disease spectrum and death causes of paediatric patients hospitalized in our hospital from 1982 to 1997. Methods A dataset of 18 784 paediatric cases is constructed and analyzed. Results Respiratory disease ranks number one and is still growing in number with time; Malignant tumor shows the rapidest increasing rate; Infectious, hematological and congenital disease is decreasing in number each year; Neonatal disease has the highest mortality rate and has always ranked number one in death causes. Concl usion Both disease spectrum and death causes have undergone great changes for the past 16 years.