论意义组合原则中的若干问题

On the principle of compositionality of Meaning

组合原则是逻辑语义学和自然语言形式语义学中的一条指导性原则,它在逻辑语义学和自然语言句法和语义接口研究中有广泛的应用,但同时这条原则所体现出的方法论性质又备受争议。该原则对逻辑和自然语言成立吗?这一问题不可能给出直接的回答,因为对这条原则的阐述其本身就十分的含糊。逻辑学家和语言学家可以根据自己的理解和表达来表述这条原则。事实表明,组合原则不是一种经验上可证实的限制性原则,而是一种描述系统中的句法和语义应当如何加以设计的方法论原则。

As a guiding principle for logical semantics and formal semantics of natural language,the principle of compositionality of meaning is widely applied;however,the nature of its underlying epistemology is highly controversial.Does this principle apply to logic and natural language? There is no definite answer to this question,for the ambiguity of the principle itself.And logicians and linguists have different understandings and interpretations of it.The fact indicates that the principle of compositionality of meaning is not a principle that can be demonstrated empirically,but one that describes how the syntax and semantics are designed in systems.