水性聚氨酯乳液中各组分的定性定量分析方法探讨

Discussion of the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Water-borne Polyurethane Emulsions

采用多种分析仪器和手段包括红外光谱,凝胶色谱,色谱-质谱联用技术,核磁共振波谱等,探讨了水性聚氨酯乳液中的溶剂和树脂成分的定性定量分析方法。对组成水性聚氨酯乳液中的低聚物多元醇种类,异氰酸酯种类,扩链剂,成盐剂,水和有机溶剂,乳化剂等进行了全分析,同时用凝胶色谱对树脂进行分子量及其分布测定。分析结果表明该水性聚氨酯乳液应为羧酸型阴离子聚氨酯乳液,是由聚酯二元醇,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯及含羧基的二羟基化合物(DMPA)生成聚氨酯预聚体,然后用丙酮溶解预聚体后在水中乳化形成的。

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the ingredients of Water-borne polyurethane emulsion which usually consists of polyols, diisocyanate, chain extender, salifying agent water and organic solvents and so on, was discussed by multi-analytic techniques such as IR, GPC, GC/LC/MS and NMR. Molecular weight and its distribution were determined by gel permeation chromatogram. The experimental results showed that this kind of water-borne PU was carboxylate anionic type emulsion. Isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, polyester glycols and dihydroxymethyl propionic acid （DMPA） reacted to the prepolymer of PU, and then the prepolymer was dissolved in acetone and dispersed in water, as a result stable emulsion was formed.