中国贯彻《联合国反腐败公约》的措施

China's Measures to Implement Anti-corruption Convention of United Nations

多年来各国在反腐败执法合作上并不尽如人意,执法合作的广度和深度都很不够。其原因在于各国的价值观念和法律制度不同,在很大程度上影响了反腐执法合作的展开。基于此现实,应参照《联合国反腐败公约》的要求,以最高人民检察院为中心,以外交手段为依托,通过谈判协商以修正或补充相关条约内容,以谋求国际合作在个案上的突破。需要注意的是,我国传统刑事司法国际合作的方式比较单一,过于注重和依赖刑事警察机构力量。为更好地运用《联合国反腐败公约》中的国际合作机制,实现国际反腐机制的高效性,我国司法机关尤其是检察机关应走在追逃和追赃国际合作的第一线,检察机关应在主动引渡和境外追缴犯罪所得的国际合作中发挥更为积极的作用,通过外交措施积极与被请求国的司法机关合作,克服在引渡或遣返犯罪嫌疑人等司法合作中遇到的法律困难和障碍,修改条约的有关内容,以实现国际反腐合作机制的更新。

In the past years, the cooperation in anti - corruption throughout the world has been far from satisfaction in the aspects of depth and width because of the different value concepts and legal systems in different countries. Therefore, in accordance with Anti-corruption Convention of United Nations, taking Supreme People＇ s Procuratorate as the centre and depending on diplomatic means, China can amend or supplement relevant items via negotiation to seek breakthrough in individual case in international cooperation. However, the means for international cooperation in traditional criminal justice is simple, depending too much on the power of criminal police. In order to make full use of international cooperation mechanism suggested by Anti-corruption Convention of United Nations and improve the efficiency of international anti-corruption mechanism, our judicial departments, especially procuratorial organs should stand in the front line of international cooperation in the aspects of pursuing escaped and recovering goods or money embezzled. At the same time, the procuratorial organs should play more important roles in the international cooperation of extraditing and recovering embezzled goods or money at abroad. Moreover, China should overcome the difficulties and barriers in international cooperation in the aspect of extraditing and repatriating suspects and amend relevant items in Anti-corruption Convention of United Nations via diplomatic measures to innovate the mechanism of international anticorruption cooperation.