武汉市3220例40岁以下女性骨密度影响因素调查分析

Factors Influencing Bone Mineral Density among 3 220 Women below 40 Years Old in Wuhan,Hubei Province

目的探讨影响武汉市城区40岁以下女性骨密度的危险因素,为预防女性骨质疏松症提供依据。方法采用统一的骨质疏松症调查表,分别对2008—2010年3 220例40岁以下到我院体检中心体检的女性进行调查,并检测骨密度,采用相关分析和多元逐步回归分析骨密度的影响因素。结果锻炼、喝牛奶、饮酒、月经不调、骨折史和甲状腺功能亢进症对骨密度的影响有统计学意义(P<0.01),而吸烟和服用钙片对骨密度的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。体质指数与骨密度呈正相关(P<0.01),而月经初潮年龄、妊娠次数、生育次数、母乳喂养子女数与骨密度均呈负相关(P<0.01);体质指数(X1)和月经初潮年龄(X2)进入回归方程。回归方程为:骨密度=0.3748+0.0026X1-0.0036X2。结论低体质指数和月经初潮年龄是影响骨密度的重要因素,月经初潮年龄增加,骨密度降低;而体质指数增加,骨密度升高。

Objective To explore factors that influence bone mineral density among women below 40 years old in Wuhan,with an attempt to provide evidence for the prevention of osteoporosis.Methods Totally 3220 women below 40 years old in Wuhan area who underwent physical examinations in our hospital from 2008 to 2010 were enrolled.Their bone mineral densities were measured.The data was analyzed by independent samples t test,multivariate correlation analysis,and multi-stepwise regression analysis.Results Physical exercise,drinking milk,alcohol consumption,menstrual irregularity,history of bone fracture,and hyperthyroidism were significantly correlated with bone mineral density（allP〈0.01）.However,smoking and taking calcium tablet had no significant influence on Bone Mineral Density（P〈0.05）.Body mass index was positively correlated with Bone Mineral Density（P〈0.01）,while age of menarche,times of pregnancy and delivery,and number of breast-fed children were negatively correlated with Bone Mineral Density（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Low body mass index and age of menarche are two main factors that influence Bone Mineral Density.