城、郊新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫情况调查

A study on hepatitis B vaccination of newborns in seven provincial capital cities and suburbs

目的 了解乙型肝炎疫苗的免疫后效果。方法 于 1997年 9～ 12月在北京、武汉、哈尔滨、上海、成都、兰州和长春 7个城市 ,采用整群随机抽样方法抽取 3～ 4岁年龄组儿童 2 180人进行调查。结果 1993～ 1994年新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗全程接种率城区为 91.10 % ,明显高于郊区的 84.71%。HBsAg阳性率降至1.5 6% ,抗 -HBs阳性率平均为 70 .5 0 %。城区儿童HBsAg阳性率0 .2 8% ,郊区儿童HBsAg阳性率为2 .17% ,说明免疫儿童中HBsAg阳性者的主要来源在郊区。 结论 上述表明 ,我国乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果显著 ,但在郊区 ,疫苗免疫效果还不够理想。

Objective In order to investigate the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination programmes in different regions in China. Methods A randomized sampling survey was carried out. A total number of 2 180 children, aged 3-4 years old, were selected in 7 cities (Beijing,Wuhan,Harbin,Shanghai,Chengdu,Lanzhou and Changchun) during Sep-to Dec.1997. Results The rate of HB immunization in the cities ( 91.10 %) was significantly higher than that in related suburbs ( 84.71 %). The carrier rate of HBsAg decreased from 10% to 1.56 % and anti-HBs positive rate was 70.50 %. The carrier rate of HBsAg was 0.28 % in the cities, compared with 2.17 % among the children in suburbs. Most unvaccinated children were in suburbs,making up the main source of HBsAg positive children. Conclusion The effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination was satisfactory, but the programme should be strengthened in suburbs.