试论抗战后期的新疆内向:基于《蒋介石日记》的再探讨

The Reurn of Xinjiang to Centrol during the Late Period of the Sino-Japanese War:A Reappraisal Based on Chiang Kai-shek's Diary

在盛世才治疆的很长时期,新疆与苏联关系密切,国民政府鞭长莫及。抗战后期,蒋介石决意利用世界大战解决边疆问题,1942年春,蒋介石知晓盛世才意欲摆脱苏联控制后,即从政治、经济、军事、外交等方面积极布局,促使盛世才表示效忠中央。1943年后,国民政府对新疆的控制不断强化,苏联在新疆的影响日益减小。1944年8月,盛世才企图重新调整其政策。在中央压力之下,盛世才被迫辞职离新,新疆回到中央政府的直接管治之下。

On April 1942, Sheng Shicai conducted mass arrest in Xinjiang, causing a sudden deterioration in the relationship between Xinjiang and the Soviets. Paying no heed to the alienation policy of the Soviets, the Nationalist government soon decided to buttress Sheng in an effort to place Xinjiang under centralized control. The Nationalist government first set out to take back the diplomacy of Xinjiang, followed by expropriation of formerly Soviet-controlled enterprises and forced removal of Soviet military advisors, experts, technicians and army personnel from Xinjiang. In the mean-time, a large number of party, government, economic, cultural and educational personnel were dispatched by the central government to Xinjiang to infiltrate various sectors. In 1944, when Sheng shicai intended to re-oriented his policy towards central government, the Nationalist government eventually forced Sheng to leave Xinjiang, which the was fully restored to the authority of the central government.