珍珠港事件之前美国院外援华集团初探

Chinese lobbying for support before the attack of Pearl harbor

珍珠港事件之后中美两国结盟,固然是日本偷袭美国太平洋舰队所致,但美国院外援华集团在其中也起了一定的作用。1937年七七事变之后,国民政府在美有意推动院外游说以争取美国援助。国民政府的"院外游说"与美国社会内部同情中国、反对日本侵略的社会运动结合,形成了最初的美国"院外援华集团"。院外援华集团的活动,推动了美国对华援助由言论到行动,从经济援助发展到军事援助。但院外援华集团在美国对华援助决策上并不是决定性的因素,其作用是辅助性的。

The Sino-US alliance results from Japanese surprised attack on the U.S.Pacific fleet in Pearl harbor.However,Chinese lobbying also plays a positive role.After the Marco Polo bridge incident in 1937,the national government promotes lobbying for American aid to China.The lobbyists and Americans are against Japanese aggression in China,and China Lobby comes into existence.Americans turn into action with economic aid and military assistance.The China Lobby is not yet decisive for policy-making.