黑刺李的组织培养与快速繁殖

Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Prunus spinosa

[目的]为黑刺李品种改良和工厂化繁育提供理论依据。[方法]以黑刺李幼嫩叶片为外植体,MS为基本培养基,分别对其进行启动、增殖及生根培养,建立黑刺李离体培养再生体系。[结果]外植体在启动培养基MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L+2,4-D0.5mg/L上培养15d后边缘膨大,30d后形成愈伤组织,60d后形成丛生芽;带丛生芽的愈伤组织块在增殖培养基MS+6-BA0.3mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L上培养28d后陆续分化出3～5个丛芽;将增殖培养获得的2cm以上的无根小苗接种到生根培养基1/2MS+IBA0.4mg/L+蔗糖7.0g/L上培养15d后开始生根,25d后生根率达75%;将试管苗移栽到基质(草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=1∶1∶2)上养护,30d后成活率达80%以上。[结论]该研究建立的黑刺李离体培养再生体系稳定性好、增殖速度快。

[Objective] The study aimed to provide theoretical basis for variety improvement and factory propagation of Prunus spinosa. [Method] With tender leaves of P. spinosa as explants,MS was used as basic medium for their starting,multiplication and rooting culture so as to establish its regeneration system for in vitro culture. [Result] After the explants were cultured on starting medium MS ＋ 6-BA 0.5 mg/L ＋ NAA 0.2 mg/L ＋ 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L for 15 d,their edges were expanded,their calli were formed after 30 d and their cluster buds were formed after 60 d. After the calli with cluster buds were cultured on multiplication medium MS ＋ 6-BA 0.3 mg/L ＋ NAA 0.1 mg/L for 28 d,3-5 cluster buds were differentiated in succession. After the non-root seedlings longer than 2 cm were yielded from multiplication culture and inoculated on rooting medium 1/2MS＋IBA 0.4 mg/L＋sucrose 7.0 g/L and cultured for 15 d,the seedlings started to root and their rooting rate reached 75% after 25 d. The test-tube seedlings were transplanted on the substrate grass peat ∶ vermiculite ∶ pearlite=1∶1∶2 and their survival rate reached over 80% after 30 d. [Conclusion] The regeneration system established for in vitro culture of P. spinosa in this study possessed good stability and high propagation speed.